See Aaron, Aaronic Priesthood, Levites, Sons of Moses and Aaron.
Descendants of Aaron, specially honored as the priests of Israel, were called Aaronites. (1 Chron. 12:27; 27:17.) Descent and genealogical proof thereof were of vital importance. “The children of the priests,” when the temple was to be rebuilt in Jerusalem, “sought their register among those that were reckoned by genealogy, but they were not found: therefore were they, as polluted, put from the priesthood.” (Ezra 2:61-63; Neh. 7:63-65.)